Power system.



' No. 97 ,993 PATENTED Nov. 26, 1907.

R. H. GOLDSBOROUGH.

POWER SYSTEM:

APPLICATION FILED MAY 14, 1906.

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No. 871,993. PATENTED NOV. 26; 19C?v R. H. GOLDSBOROUGH.

POWER SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 14, 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET Z Zi v I ran RICHARD H. GOLDSBOROUGH, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

POWER, SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 26, 1907.

Application filed May 14. 1906. $erial No. 316.733.

Tihall whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Brennan H. GOLDS- nouoocn, a citizen of the United States, rcsiding at Viashington, in the District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Power Systems, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in power systems; and it consists in the constructions, combinations and arrangements herein described and claimed.

An object of my invention is to provide'a simple and efficient power system, which provides a maximum radius of operation with amini'mum oi .ize and weight, thereby especially adapting it for automobile uses.

A further obj ect of my invention is to provide compact power system in which fluid .pressure and heat are converted into Inc-- chanical energy in a highly efiicient manner with an elimination of the practical diliiculties incident to excessive temperatures inv heat motors. v

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this application, and in which similar reference symbols indicate corresponding parts in the several views: Figure 1 is a detail elevation, partly in section, illustrating one embodiment of my invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional view, on a larger scale, of the nozzle and adjacent parts shown in Fig. 1; Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 are sectional views, on a larger scale, showing the different positions of the main controlling valve of Fig. 1; Fig. 7 is a detail elevation, partly in section,' illustrat ing a modification of my invention; Fig. 8 is adetail sectional view, illustrating a slight modification of the nozzle and adjacent parts shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 9 is a sectional view, on a larger scale. taken on the line 99 of Fig. 8; Fig. 10 is a sectional view, on

a larger scale, taken on the line 1010 of Fig. 8 Fig. 11 is a view of the rig t-l1and side of Fig. 10, and Fig. 12 is a sectional view, similar to,Fig. 9, illustrating aslight modification.

Referring to the drawings, 1 indicates a reservoir for containing a supply of fluid under pressure, and connected by a pipe 2 with any suitable type of carbureter 3. The ipe 2 is provided with a reducing valve 4, w iich can be employed for cutting oh the fluid sup ply to the carbureterwhen the system is not in use. A pipe 5 conducts the carbiuetcd mixture from the carbureter 3 to a nozzle member com rising an outer shell 6, an innor core 7 and a nozzle tip 8.

The carbureted mixture disch. rged at high velocity from the pipe 5 into the nozzle member is initially ignited at the portion 9 thereof'by the sparking terminals 10; the com bustion continuing Within the inner core 7, which constitutes a combustion chamber leading to the nozzle tip 8. After being thus ignited, a continuous combustion of the car- 6 bureted mixture is maintained at a substantially constant pressure within the nozzle member; the parts being constructed and proportioned to transform a large portion of theheat of combustion into augmented velocity of the already rapidly flowing fluidwithout producing a material increase in the pressure. Suitable means, suchas a perforated thick plate -11 and foraminated diaphragm 12, may be employed for insuring against back-iliring of the combustible mixture, if desired; but such devices are not necessary with the high velocity of the combustible m'ncture employed in my invention. The products of combustion then flow with an augmented velocity through the core 7 and tip 8 of the nozzle member, and are directed by the latter at an eflicient angle against the vanes 13 of a turbine motor.

he proportions of tl'iccarbureted mixture can be varied to produce any desired degree of combustion, thereby permitting the tem-' perature and final velocity of the products of combustion to be varied within wide ranges. For example, where only a slight increase in the velocity is required and a low tempcra. ture is desired, an excess of air would be provided inthe mixture. v

Excessive local heating is prevented and the temperature of the parts equalized by extracting heat from the products of combustion at the hottest portion in their travel, and returning such extracted heat at another point in the travel of the products of combustion. cientlyobtained by supplying a suitable tool+ ing fluid through the pipe 15 to t-he spiral channel 14 under sutliclent ressure to cause its satisfactory progressive ow through. said channel. fluid during its progressive flow through the channel 14 augments its rate of flow, and the heated fluid is finally discharged from the channel 14 at high velocity through pass: gas

16, which are constructed to directkit'wnrw 110 Such transference of the heatis efii-PlOO The heat absorbed by such cooling 105 combustion an Wardiy in a series of jets converging to a point 1n the axis of the nozzle at its most contracted portion 17.. It will be noted that the minimum cross-section of the rapidly flowing stream of products of combustlon occurs at the contracted portion 17- and that'the products of combustion are in a condition of maximum velocity and minimum pressure at such point. This arrangement provides a very eflicient o eration, since thelow pressure, of the pro nets of combustion adjacent the discharge ends of .the 1passages 16 tends by induction to increase t e velocity of the fluid jets discharged through said passages. Further, the high velocity of the products of intermingling conical series of jets, causes an intimate intermixuure thereof, with a resultant rapid equalization of the tem. erature and velocity of such intermingling i uids by exchange.

The construction of the nozzle member can be readily varied to meet all practical reuirements, and to produce any desired relation between the temperatures of the prodnets of combustion and the fluid jets at their point of intermingling. The stream of intermingled fluids is finally discharged by the nozzle tip.8 to the turbine motor; said tip bemg preferably formed to diverge from its oint 17 of minimum cross-section.

Under certain conditions, it may be desirable or advantageous to further reduce the velocity and temperature of the fluid jet prior to its impact on th e turbine vanes.

This re suit can e conveniently obtained by diluting such jet witha cooler fluid directed thereinto through a converging series of passages 18, similar to the series of passages .16, and communicating .at their outer ends with an annular chamber 19, which latter is su plied. with a relatively cool fluid under any esired pressure,

' In the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Figs. 16, a pipe 20, provided with a reducing valve 21, connects the fluid under pressure in the reservoir 1 with a' water tank 22. The fluid pressure thus main tained in the tank 22. forces the water there from through a pipe 23 to thc casing 24 of a main controlling valve 25, the pipe 23 being shown PI'OVltlfll'Wltl]: a'cut-o'l'l' valve 26. The valve casing 24 communicates with the chan- Ilel 14 by a pipe 15, and with the annular chamber 19 by a pipe 28'; a pipe 29, shown With'a cut-off valve 30, being provided for establishing communication between the valve casing 24 and the pipe 5; It will be clear that with the main valve 25 in the position shown in Fig. 3, water will be supplied to the channel 14 and-air to the chamber 19; in the position of the valve shown in Fig. 4, explosive mixture will be su plied to the channel 14 and water to the c amber 19; in

the position of the valve shown in Fig. 5, wa

ter will be supplied to both the channel 14 and chamber 19; and in the position of the valve shown in Fig. 6, explosive mixture will be supplied to both the channel 14 and chamber 19. When it is desired to admit water to the channel 14 and cut elf all supply to the chamber 19, the valve 25 is moved suilimixture pipe 29 without placing the pipe 28 in communication with the interior of the valve casing 124. If itbe desired to admit explosive mixture to the channel 14 and cut is shifted sullicicntly from W the position shown in Fig. 4 to cut .oi'l' the valve port 31 from the water pipe 23 without placing the .pipe 28 in connnunication with the interior of the valve casing 24. The main controlling valvc 25 andthe valves 4,21, 26 and 30 provide a simple means 'for conveniently controlling the character and quantity of the fluids supplied to the channel lar chamber 19. I q I I,

' Fig. 7 illustrates a modificationflof my in vention in which air under ressurc in areservoir 32 is delivered at big velocity to the nozzle member, through a pi e33 provided with a reducing valve 34. tank 35 containing a suitable fuel, such as liquid hydrocarbon, is connected with the'a'ir under pressure in the reservoir 32 by a pipe 36 provided withja reducing valve 371 The pressure thus maintained in the tankv 35 forces the fuel, therefrom through a pipe 38 to an annular chamber 39 in the nozzle member, the pipe 38 being shown provided with a cut off valve 40. The channel 39 surrounds that portion of the inner core of the nozzle member in which combustion takes place, and is provided with a series of apertures 41 arranged to discharge fuel from the chamber 39 into the bore of said' inner core. The fuel will be highly heated in the chamber 39, and, where a fluid hydro-carbon is employed, it will be vaporized and discharged in gaseous form through the series of apertures 41; thereby insuring an intimate intermixture with the rapidly flowing air in the nozzle member. Any suitable means; such as sparking terminals 42 can be employed for initially igniting the mixture of air and fuel, after which a continuous combustion of such mixture will be maintained, as in my pre viously described construction. This modification is provided with a valve casing 24 containing a main controlling valve for the pipes 15, 23, 28 and 29, in a manner similar the previously described construction being that the spiral channel 43 is formed with a. gradually increasing cross-section, to accommodate the expansion of the fluid which is heatedwhile flowing therethrough.

Figs. 8-41 illustrate a slight modification ciently from the position shown in Fig. 3 to cut off the valve port 31 from the explosive off all supply to the chamber 19, the valve 29 to that described in reference to Figs. 1-6..: The only modification in these parts from 14, and annu ot the nozzle niember, in which a conical nip pie-Q44 is adjustably attached, as by screw rthreads, to the discharge end' of the inner "core 7'; suitable means, such as a worm45,

being provided for conveniently adjusting said nippleon the core. In this modification the cooling fluid after absorbing heat during its flow through the spiral channel surrounding the inner core, is discharged through the space between the conical nipple and the adacent conical face of the nozzle tip in a practically continuous sheet converging in the axis of the nozzle at its most contracted portion. This provides a very satisfactory construction, and permits convenient control of the discharge of cooling fluid into the nozzle for maintaining a maximum efliciency under variouspractical conditions of operation. It

will be obvious, that such control and regulation of the discharge ofcooling fluid into the nozzle could be equally conveniently obtained by .adjustably mounting the nozzle tip, or by adjustable.

Fig. 12 shows a slight modification of the adjustable nipple, in which the outer conical face thereof is provided with fins 46 for guiding and preventing swirling of the cooling fluid during its flow thereover. I have illustrated and described preferred and satisfactory constructions, but, obvimaking both said tip andnipple ously changes could be made within the therefrom and directing such heated fluid" into said nozzle tip, other connections for disa charging a cooling fluid into said nozzle tip,

and acommon means for controlling and cutting ofl either-of said connections independent y of the other, substantially as described. 2. In a power system, means for producing a fluid jet, comprising a tapered nozzle tip, a

combustion chamber, communicating there with, means for supplying combustible mixture to said chamber, means for initially igniting such mixture, connections for conducting a cooling fluid in contact with the walls of said combustion chamber for absorbing heat therefrom and directing such 'ture to said chain heated fluid into said nozzle tip in a series of jets converging at the most contracted por- .tion of said tip, other connections for-dis i charging a cooling fluid into said nozzle tip and a common means for controlhng and cutting ofl" either of said connections independently of the other, substantially as described. l

3. In a power system, means forproducing a fluid jet comprising a nozzle tip, a-com bustion chamber. communicating therewith,

means for supplying combustible mixture to said chamber, means for imtially 'ignitmg such mixture, two independent sources of cooling fluid under pressure, connections for conductingeither of said cooling fluids in con '7 5 tact with thewalls of said combustion chamber for absorbing heat therefrom and directin said heatedfluid into said nozzle tip, ot er connections for discharging either of said fluids into said nozzle tip, and a common means for controlling said connections, said common controlling means constructed. to permit simultaneous supply of. cooling fluid to both connections from one of said independent sources or to permit simultaneous 86 supply of cooling fluid to the res ective con'- nections from said two independgnt sources, substantially as described.

4. In a power system, means for producing a fluid jet, comprising a tapered nozzle tip, a 90 combustion chamber communicating therewith, means for sup lying combustible mixlibr, means for initially igniting such mixture, two independent sources ofcooling fluid under pressure, con- '95 nections for conducting either ofsaid'cooling fluids in contact with the walls of said combustion chamber for absorbin heat there-' 'from anddirecting said heated uid into said nozzle tip in a series of jetsconverging at the most contracted portion of said tip, other connections for discharging'either of said cooling fluids into said nozzle ti and a common means for controlling sai connections,

said common controlling means constructed to permit simultaneous supply of coolin fluid to both connections from one of sai I independent sources or to permit simultaneous supply of cooling fluid to the respective connections from said two independent sources, substantially as described. In testimony whereof I affix-my signature m presence of two witnesses.

RICHARD u. cotn'snoaoucn.

Witnesses Apngnfi. STEUART, G. AYREs. 

